Abstract:
In recent years, interest in cultivating Ginkgo biloba L. as a medicinal plant has grown in Ukraine, and improvement of the
technology of growing this plant in the conditions of the North-East of Ukraine is a relevant problem. The purpose of this article to
present research on the morphological structure, growth and viability of young G. biloba plants in grown from seeds by different
technologies and comparative analysis of growth and development of G. biloba plants under greenhouse conditions and on open
soil. The experiment on G. biloba cultivation was initiated in 2014 in three variants (the plants were grown from the seeds). Variant
No 1: G. biloba growing in a greenhouse at 60–80% humidity and temperatures not below +27 ºС; shading (shading level 60%) by
green agronetting. Variant No 2: growing in open soil; shading (shading level 60%) by green agronetting; the climatic conditions
were typical for Sumy region. Variant No 3: growing in open soil; there was no shading; climatic conditions were typical for the
Sumy region. Plant analysis was conducted in June 2018. The following morphometric parameters of G. biloba plants were
measured: plant height, annual growth of shoots, number of leaves, leaf size and leaf area, phytomass of the shoots, phytomass of
leaves and phytomass of the stem, diameter of the shoots. The sampling used 60 samples. The leaf area was determined by the
method of drawing contours on millimeter paper. Statistical processing of research results was carried out by generally accepted
modern methods of mathematical statistics using dispersion, correlation, regression and vital analysis. In the conditions of the
Ukrainian North East, G. biloba seedlings can be grown successfully in greenhouses and open soil, both with 60% shade by
agronetting and without it. Differences between the plants grown in such conditions are insignificant and statistically unreliable.
The obtained three to four year old G. biloba seedlings grown using different technologies were 25–30 cm in height and formed
13–17 leaves per plant. The seedlings were of quite high viability (Q is 0.22–0.30) and morphostructural integrity (67.8%).
The output of viable seedlings (vital classes “a” and “b”) in variant 1 was 60%, variant 2 – 45% and variant 3 – 60%. Ecologicalcenotic stability of G. biloba was observed repeatedly, though certain limitations on G. biloba cultivation may be that the plant is
photophilic and thermophilic. But the conducted experiments show that the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian North-East are
quite favourable for this species. Based on the data obtained for the Ukrainian North-East, it is possible to recommend the
technology of growing G. biloba seedlings in open soil without agronetting as quite effective and low-cost.