https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/24993 2026-10-29T21:23:09Z 2026-10-29T21:23:09Z Дробітько, Антоніна Вікторівна Drobitko, Antonina Качанова, Тетяна Володимирівна Kachanova, Tatiana Смірнова, Ірина Вікторівна Smirnova, Irina Задорожній, Юрій Володимирович Zadorozhniy, Yuriy https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26977 2026-10-19T07:15:27Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: The formation of the productivity of winter wheat depending on the level of the contamination of crops under the conditions of the application of resource-saving technology in the conditions of Southern Ukraine Автори: Дробітько, Антоніна Вікторівна; Drobitko, Antonina; Качанова, Тетяна Володимирівна; Kachanova, Tatiana; Смірнова, Ірина Вікторівна; Smirnova, Irina; Задорожній, Юрій Володимирович; Zadorozhniy, Yuriy Короткий огляд (реферат): The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different levels of weed infestation on the morphological and physiological characteristics and structural elements of the yield of the winter wheat Duma Odeska variety in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. Results and Conclusions. A data analysis showed that the winter wheat Duma Odeska variety formed seedlings even with a lack of soil moisture (moisture at a depth of 10 cm – 13.5 %) and demonstrated intensive development of leaf mass up to 33 ÷ 35 g/m² in the shoot phase. In the tillering phase, the average number of productive stems was 3 ÷ 5 pcs./plant, and the tillering coefficient was 3.2, which contributed to early row closure and partial weed suppression. At a medium level of contamination (150 ÷ 200 plants/m²), the main productivity indicators decreased moderately: the number of productive stems was 518 pcs./m², the number of grains per year was 32.2, the mass of 1,000 grains was 41.1 g, and yield was 4.75 t/ha. With high contamination (more than 250 plants/m²), the number of productive stems decreased to 446 pcs./m², the number of grains per ear to 29.4, the mass of 1,000 grains to 38.7 g, and yield to 3.92 t/ha. The following types of weeds caused the greatest damage: common millet, wild oats, creeping mustard, common poppy, nettle and fescue. These species dominated the three waves of weed germination during the growing season. The variety showed relative drought and heat tolerance, including the preservation of the assimilation surface under temperature stress up to +35 ÷ +36 °C in the earing phase and root penetration to 120 ÷ 140 cm. However, the positive characteristics of the variety did not fully compensate for weed pressure above 200 plants/m², especially under the conditions of a moisture deficit. The practical importance of the study lies in identifying weed-density thresholds that can guide control measures in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Шебанін, В’ячеслав Сергійович Shebanin, Vyacheslav Решетілов, Георгій Олександрович Reshetilov, Georgiy Дробітько, Антоніна Вікторівна Drobitko, Antonina https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26874 2026-09-29T05:43:18Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Restoration of degraded soils in a military-affected region in the South of Ukraine based on biologisation Автори: Шебанін, В’ячеслав Сергійович; Shebanin, Vyacheslav; Решетілов, Георгій Олександрович; Reshetilov, Georgiy; Дробітько, Антоніна Вікторівна; Drobitko, Antonina Короткий огляд (реферат): Background: This study was motivated by the need to restore soils degraded by military operations, accompanied by compaction,destruction of structure and contamination with heavy metals, which reduce the productivity and ecological functioning ofagroecosystems. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of using microbial preparations and green manure cropsseparately and in combination to improve the condition of ordinary chernozem. Methods: The study involved a field experimentwith four treatment options: control; application of the “Azogran” biological preparation; green manure with a mixture of vetch andmustard; and a combination of these, and determination of the content of heavy metals in the soil and their biological activity.Results: The study found that the combined option provided the most positive changes: density decreased from 1.52 ± 0.03 to1.28 ± 0.02 g/cm3; the measured humus-related organic matter indicator increased from 2.1 ± 0.2 to 2.8 ± 0.1%; acidity changedfrom 5.8 ± 0.2 to neutral 6.7 ± 0.1; and the content of available, Chirikov-extractable phosphorus and potassium, reported asP2O5 and K2O, increased by 30.0 and 22.0%, respectively. Biological activity increased significantly: dehydrogenase activitydoubled, and basal respiration exceeded the control by 62.3%. It was also found that the concentrations of mobile forms of lead,cadmium, zinc and nickel decreased by 25.0–32.0%, which was accompanied by a 2.5-fold decrease in the phytotoxicity ofaqueous extracts. Conclusions: The data obtained demonstrate that the combination of the biological product with green manureresulted in synergistic improvements, simultaneously improving the physicochemical and biological properties of the soil andreducing the accumulation of metals. The practical significance of the study lies in confirming the possibility of using this approachas an affordable, environmentally safe and effective way to restore land damaged by military equipment.

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Манушкіна, Тетяна Миколаївна Manushkina, Tetyana Корхова, Маргарита Михайлівна Korhova, Margarita Миколайчук, Віра Георгіївна Mikolajchuk, Vira Хоненко, Любов Григорівна Honenko, Lubov https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26815 2026-09-21T06:33:47Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Yield and energy efficiency of phytoenergy crops under biopreparation treatments in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine Автори: Манушкіна, Тетяна Миколаївна; Manushkina, Tetyana; Корхова, Маргарита Михайлівна; Korhova, Margarita; Миколайчук, Віра Георгіївна; Mikolajchuk, Vira; Хоненко, Любов Григорівна; Honenko, Lubov Короткий огляд (реферат): In the current context of energy-resource shortages and increasing environmental pressures, the cultivation of phytoenergy crops is becoming particularly relevant, especially in regions with limited moisture, such as the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal species and varieties of energy crops, assess the effectiveness of biopreparations for increasing yield, and analyse the energy output of raw materials depending on cultivation technology. The methodology was based on field experiments using different crop species (Sorghum, Jerusalem artichoke, and cup plant), as well as biopreparations based on Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp. and Azotobacter chroococcum. The results obtained showed that the highest yields were recorded in sorghum: Sudan grass (48.6 ± 1.2 t/ha) and sweet sorghum (46.8 ± 1.4 t/ha), whereas Jerusalem artichoke (38.4 ± 0.9 t/ha) and cup plant (32.6 ± 0.8 t/ha) lagged behind due to slower development in the first years. Combined treatment with biopreparations (Groundfix + Ekostern Trichoderma) provided a yield increase of up to 25.18% compared with the control, and sweet sorghum hybrid Verbliud achieved the maximum output of standard fuel equivalent (13.2 ± 0.4 t/ha) due to a high calorific value (4,120 kcal/kg). At the same time, raw-material moisture proved to be a key factor affecting energy efficiency. The conclusions confirm that the choice of crop, variety and biopreparation treatment is decisive for maximising energy output. The study’s practical value is found in its recommendations for farmers on how to best cultivate phytoenergy crops in arid environments, which will advance bioenergy production and lessen the anthropogenic burden on agroecosystems. Опис: Повний текст статті доступний з сайту видавця за посиланням: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42977-026-00336-z

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z Karbivska, Uliana Sitnyk, Andriy Lehun, Vitalii Panakhyd, Halyna Гамаюнова, Валентина Василівна Gamayunova, Valentina Solovei, Halyna Gniezdilova, Victoria Mel'nyk, Vitaliy Koliadzhyn, Yurii Bobrova, Olena Husak, Viktor https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26773 2026-09-01T06:24:14Z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Integrated Fertilization Enhances Biomass Yield of Miscanthus × giganteus on Acidic Marginal Soils Автори: Karbivska, Uliana; Sitnyk, Andriy; Lehun, Vitalii; Panakhyd, Halyna; Гамаюнова, Валентина Василівна; Gamayunova, Valentina; Solovei, Halyna; Gniezdilova, Victoria; Mel'nyk, Vitaliy; Koliadzhyn, Yurii; Bobrova, Olena; Husak, Viktor Короткий огляд (реферат): Optimizing nutrient management is essential for improving the productivity and profitability of perennial bioenergy crops on marginal soils. This study evaluated the effects of mineral fertilization, a humic-based biostimulant, and a titanium-containing micronutrient preparation on the growth, biomass yield, and economic performance of Miscanthus & times; giganteus grown on acidic low-fertility soil in Western Ukraine from 2022 to 2025. A repeated-measures mixed-model analysis showed significant effects of treatment, year, and treatment & times; year interaction for the main growth and productivity parameters, indicating a year-dependent fertilization response. Integrated fertilization improved plant height, shoot formation, dry biomass yield, and biofuel output compared with the unfertilized control. The highest mean dry biomass yield was obtained with N30P30K30 + Black Jack, reaching 16.43 t ha-1 and exceeding the control by approximately 40%, while N30P30K30 + Intermag Titan also showed high productivity. Dry biomass yield was strongly associated with plant height, confirming the role of structural development in biomass formation. Economic assessment indicated the highest long-term profitability for N30P30K30 + Black Jack. These findings indicate that integrated fertilization is an effective strategy for sustainable miscanthus biomass production on marginal soils.

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