https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/11892 2026-09-23T12:58:51Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26815 Назва: Yield and energy efficiency of phytoenergy crops under biopreparation treatments in the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine Автори: Манушкіна, Тетяна Миколаївна; Manushkina, Tetyana; Корхова, Маргарита Михайлівна; Korhova, Margarita; Миколайчук, Віра Георгіївна; Mikolajchuk, Vira; Хоненко, Любов Григорівна; Honenko, Lubov Короткий огляд (реферат): In the current context of energy-resource shortages and increasing environmental pressures, the cultivation of phytoenergy crops is becoming particularly relevant, especially in regions with limited moisture, such as the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the study was to determine the optimal species and varieties of energy crops, assess the effectiveness of biopreparations for increasing yield, and analyse the energy output of raw materials depending on cultivation technology. The methodology was based on field experiments using different crop species (Sorghum, Jerusalem artichoke, and cup plant), as well as biopreparations based on Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma spp. and Azotobacter chroococcum. The results obtained showed that the highest yields were recorded in sorghum: Sudan grass (48.6 ± 1.2 t/ha) and sweet sorghum (46.8 ± 1.4 t/ha), whereas Jerusalem artichoke (38.4 ± 0.9 t/ha) and cup plant (32.6 ± 0.8 t/ha) lagged behind due to slower development in the first years. Combined treatment with biopreparations (Groundfix + Ekostern Trichoderma) provided a yield increase of up to 25.18% compared with the control, and sweet sorghum hybrid Verbliud achieved the maximum output of standard fuel equivalent (13.2 ± 0.4 t/ha) due to a high calorific value (4,120 kcal/kg). At the same time, raw-material moisture proved to be a key factor affecting energy efficiency. The conclusions confirm that the choice of crop, variety and biopreparation treatment is decisive for maximising energy output. The study’s practical value is found in its recommendations for farmers on how to best cultivate phytoenergy crops in arid environments, which will advance bioenergy production and lessen the anthropogenic burden on agroecosystems. Опис: Повний текст статті доступний з сайту видавця за посиланням: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42977-026-00336-z 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26798 Назва: Comprehensive evaluation of technological parameters for moringa powder reconstitution in the production of instant functional beverages Автори: Bolhova, Nataliia; Karachov, Vadym; Ivchenko, Viktoriia; Yudina, Tetyana; Gnitsevych, Victoriya; Підпала, Тетяна Василівна; Podpalaya, Tatiana; Nazarenko, Marina Короткий огляд (реферат): The object of research is the recovery of moringa powder in the production of instant functional drinks. Despite the existence of researches on the use of moringa powder in functional products, the relationship between the structural and morphological characteristics of powder particles and the kinetics of its recovery requires in-depth research, which is important for substantiating the technological parameters of the production of instant functional drinks. The microstructure of moringa powder was studied using scanning electron microscopy, and the elemental composition was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The powder had a pronounced polydispersity with a predominance of stable cell conglomerates of irregular shape with a size of 5 to 130 μm. The presence of a developed rough surface and regular porous channels (from 5 to 15 μm) provides an increase in the specific area of contact with the liquid. A high protein potential was revealed due to the significant N content (9170 mg/100 g). It was found that consuming 100 g of a drink based on moringa powder provides 17.9% of the daily requirement of K without the risk of excess salt intake (Na covers only 3.3–3.8% of the requirement). Moringa powder is an excellent source of Mg (970 mg/100 g). This confirms its functional ability to contribute to the normalization of the nervous system. In addition, the functional properties of moringa powder and its positive effect on energy metabolism are provided by the high content of P (1100 mg/100 g). Separately, a significant content of Cr (0.36 mg/100 g) was noted, which is an active regulator of carbohydrate metabolism and blood sugar levels. The relationship between the microstructure, mineral composition and hydration behavior of moringa powder has been proven, confirming its use as an ingredient in powdered functional food systems.; -; Об’єктом дослідження є відновлення порошку морінги у виробництві швидкорозчинних функціональних напоїв. Попри наявність досліджень використання порошку морінги у складі функціональних продуктів, потребує поглибленого дослідження взаємозв'язок між структурно-морфологічними характеристиками часток порошку та кінетикою його відновлення, що є важливим для обґрунтування технологічних параметрів виробництва швидкорозчинних функціональних напоїв. Мікроструктура порошку морінги досліджувалася за допомогою скануючої електронної мікроскопії, а елементний склад визначався за допомогою енергодисперсійної рентгенівської спектроскопії. Порошок мав виражену полідисперсність з домінуванням стабільних клітинних конгломератів неправильної форми розміром від 5 до 130 мкм. Наявність розвиненої шорсткої поверхні та регулярних пористих каналів (від 5 до 15 мкм) забезпечує збільшення питомої площі контакту з рідиною. Виявлено високий протеїновий потенціал за рахунок значного вмісту N (9170 мг/100 г). Встановлено, що споживання 100 г напою на основі порошку морінги забезпечує 17,9% добової потреби K без ризику надлишкового надходження солі (Na покриває лише 3,3–3,8% потреби). Порошок морінги є відмінним джерелом Mg (970 мг/100 г). Це підтверджує його функціональну здатність сприяти нормалізації роботи нервової системи. Крім того, функціональні властивості порошку морінги та його позитивний вплив на енергетичний обмін забезпечується високим вмістом Р (1100 мг/100 г). Окремо відзначено значний вміст Cr (0,36 мг/100 г), який є активним регулятором вуглеводного обміну та рівня цукру в крові. Доведено зв’язок між мікроструктурою, мінеральним складом і гідратаційною поведінкою порошку морінги, підтверджуючи його застосування як інгредієнта в порошкоподібних функціональних харчових системах. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26797 Назва: Analysis of methods for diagnosing asynchronous electric motors used in agriculture Автори: Суковіцина, Ірина Миколаївна; Sukovitsyna, Iryna; Вахоніна, Лариса Володимирівна; Vakhonina, Larisa Короткий огляд (реферат): This study aimed to examine methods for diagnosing asynchronous electric motors in order to determine their effectiveness in detecting various types of faults. The research methodology involved an analysis of the effectiveness of diagnostic methods for electric motors, including vibration diagnostics, infrared thermography, noise diagnostics, and electrical diagnostics. This analysis was conducted based on a comparative assessment of their informativeness in detecting faults. The fundamental principles of the diagnostic methods and their physical bases, as well as their advantages and limitations in the context of detecting defects such as rotor imbalance, bearing damage, winding short circuits, component overheating, and other typical faults, were identified. In the analysis of electrical diagnostic methods, their versatility was noted, enabling the detection of a wide range of defects through the analysis of changes in electrical signals. It was observed that the Fast Fourier Transform method is optimal for static conditions, whereas the Short-Time Fourier Transform provides the capability to analyze dynamic changes, and the Gabor Transform allows for the detection of subtle signal changes. The results obtained provide a scientific foundation for optimizing the process of diagnosing asynchronous electric motors and ensuring their more effective use in industrial and agricultural settings. Опис: Повний текст статті доступний з сайту видавця за посиланням: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02533839.2026.2724076 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26794 Назва: Impact of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis supplementation on reproductive and productive qualities of sows. Автори: Каратєєва, Олена Іванівна; Karateeva, Helena; Люта, Ірина Миколаївна; Lіuta, Iryna; Крамаренко, Олександр Сергійович; Kramarenko, Alexander; Крамаренко, Сергій Сергійович; Kramarenko, Sergej Короткий огляд (реферат): In modern livestock management, biotechnological products, including feed additives, are widely utilized to enhance productivity. One such agent is probiotics, which have been employed for a long time in both human food and livestock. Their effects are based on various biological mechanism–including the reduction of intestinal acidity, inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, and stimulation of the immune response. Unlike antibiotics, which are prohibited in animal feed, probiotic supplements are regarded as safe alternatives for maintaining animal health and prophylaxis disease. In particular, in the diets of sows, probiotics contribute to the improvement of overall physiological condition and stimulate the development of beneficial intestinal microflora. Consequently, there has been increasing interest in studying effective probiotic bacteria and developing advanced biotechnological preparations. Among promising candidates are probiotics based on Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, which have been evaluated in various animal species for their potential beneficial effects on host physiology. The use of such probiotic feed additives has demonstrated favorable effects in sows across different ages and physiological stages. The administration of this probiotic for both young and adult animals during periods of preparation for fertilization, as well as before and after farrowing, positively affected their reproductive function. Improvements were observed in indicators such as sexual reflex expression, fertilization rates, litter size, and the number of live births. Additionally, significant enhancements in growth, weight gain, and the survival of piglets up to two months of age were recorded. The optimal doses of probiotic use were determined to be 1.0% of the daily ration for young sows and 1.5% for adults. Therefore, the results of this study substantiate the inclusion of a probiotic supplement combining these two bacteria in the diets of sows to enhance their productivity and the quality of their offspring. 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z