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Integrated Fertilization Enhances Biomass Yield of Miscanthus × giganteus on Acidic Marginal Soils

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Integrated Fertilization Enhances Biomass Yield of Miscanthus × giganteus on Acidic Marginal Soils Автори: Karbivska, Uliana; Sitnyk, Andriy; Lehun, Vitalii; Panakhyd, Halyna; Гамаюнова, Валентина Василівна; Gamayunova, Valentina; Solovei, Halyna; Gniezdilova, Victoria; Mel'nyk, Vitaliy; Koliadzhyn, Yurii; Bobrova, Olena; Husak, Viktor Короткий огляд (реферат): Optimizing nutrient management is essential for improving the productivity and profitability of perennial bioenergy crops on marginal soils. This study evaluated the effects of mineral fertilization, a humic-based biostimulant, and a titanium-containing micronutrient preparation on the growth, biomass yield, and economic performance of Miscanthus & times; giganteus grown on acidic low-fertility soil in Western Ukraine from 2022 to 2025. A repeated-measures mixed-model analysis showed significant effects of treatment, year, and treatment & times; year interaction for the main growth and productivity parameters, indicating a year-dependent fertilization response. Integrated fertilization improved plant height, shoot formation, dry biomass yield, and biofuel output compared with the unfertilized control. The highest mean dry biomass yield was obtained with N30P30K30 + Black Jack, reaching 16.43 t ha-1 and exceeding the control by approximately 40%, while N30P30K30 + Intermag Titan also showed high productivity. Dry biomass yield was strongly associated with plant height, confirming the role of structural development in biomass formation. Economic assessment indicated the highest long-term profitability for N30P30K30 + Black Jack. These findings indicate that integrated fertilization is an effective strategy for sustainable miscanthus biomass production on marginal soils.

Combined legume-based sowing systems and microbial biopreparations for restoring degraded chernozem fertility in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Combined legume-based sowing systems and microbial biopreparations for restoring degraded chernozem fertility in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine Автори: Панфілова, Антоніна Вікторівна; Panfilova, Antonina; Маркова, Наталія Валентинівна; Markova, Nataliya; Корхова, Маргарита Михайлівна; Korhova, Margarita; Артюшенко, Валерій Васильович; Artushenko, Valerii Короткий огляд (реферат): Soil degradation in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine requires effective biological approaches to restoring chernozem fertility. Methods: This study evaluated the combined use of legume crops, mixed sowings and microbial biopreparations during a 3-year field experiment conducted in 2022–2024. Agrochemical, microbiological and statistical methods were used to assess changes in soil properties and crop productivity. Results: The integrated B5 treatment, combining mixed sowings with Azotokhelp, Helprost Universal, Phytocid and Organic-Balance, produced the strongest response. Humus content increased by 31%, readily available nitrogen by 40%, and the total number of soil microorganisms by 3.2 times. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria increased by 6.4 times, while dehydrogenase activity increased by 4.1 times. These improvements were accompanied by higher crop productivity: soybean yield increased by 75%, chickpea by 64% and lucerne green mass yield by 59%. Protein content and other yield-quality indicators also improved. Conclusion: The findings indicate that integrated legume-based biological management can enhance soil fertility, microbial activity and crop productivity. This approach may support regenerative agriculture and the restoration of degraded agroecosystems, although its long-term stability and economic feasibility require further evaluation.

Estrus synchronization and ovulation induction in pigs

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Estrus synchronization and ovulation induction in pigs Автори: Каратєєва, Олена Іванівна; Karateeva, Helena; Баркарь, Євген Володимирович; Barkar, Evgen; Крамаренко, Олександр Сергійович; Kramarenko, Alexander; Крамаренко, Сергій Сергійович; Kramarenko, Sergej Короткий огляд (реферат): Background: Synchronization of estrus with artificial hormonal suppression and fixed insemination time is a promising tool in modern pig farming, which contributes to the optimization of reproductive processes, reduction of labor costs, and increase of herd productivity. At the same time, the effectiveness of this technology depends on the level of hormonal preparation of animals and the chosen synchronization protocol. Aim: The study assessed the effectiveness of modern biotechnological methods for regulating the sexual function of sows to increase their reproductive capacity and optimize reproduction in pig farming. Methods: Three hormonal protocols of estrus synchronization and ovulation induction were used in this study. Scheme A used oral administration of altrenogest for 14 days, followed by administration of eCG and hCG, and a fixed time of artificial insemination. According to scheme B, after 14 days of altrenogest use, a GnRH analog was administered to induce ovulation, followed by insemination according to the reaction time of the animals. According to scheme C, prostaglandin F2α or its analogues were used, followed by the introduction of eCG and hCG, and artificial insemination according to the unified scheme. Results: A comparison of the schemes shows that scheme A provides the highest synchronization efficiency, allowing the accurate regulation of the cycle. It ensures the highest rate of estrus expression (92%), a statistically significant increase in litter size (up to 12.1 piglets; p < 0.05), and a reduction in the inter-farrowing interval (to 153 days; p < 0.05). Scheme B is characterized by more natural stimulation, but the effect may vary depending on the animal’s physiological state. Scheme C is technologically simpler but less effective from the point of view of synchronization, especially in different post-weaning statuses of sows. Conclusion: The use of scheme A made it possible to obtain an additional nearly 11 kg of piglet live weight at weaning per sow, corresponding to an additional income of +16.98 USD per head. Particularly important is the reduction of the inter-farrowing interval by 6–13 days in the experimental groups, which increases the potential number of farrowings from 2.1 to 2.3 per year, thereby allowing the production of up to 4–5 additional piglets per sow annually.

Sustainable Development Management of Regional Hospitality Industry: Synergy of Economic Policy and Local Strategies

2026-01-01T00:00:00Z

Назва: Sustainable Development Management of Regional Hospitality Industry: Synergy of Economic Policy and Local Strategies Автори: Гарбар, Галина Анатоліївна; Harbar, Halina; Банєва, Ірина Олексіївна; Baneva, Irina; Іваненко, Тетяна Яківна; Ivanenko, Tetyana; Кушнірук, Віктор Степанович; Kushniruk, Viktor; Павлюк, Світлана Іванівна; Pavliuk, Svitlana Короткий огляд (реферат): The aim of the study was to identify the patterns of interrelation between economic policy, local development strategies of tourism and the hotel industry of the Southern region of Ukraine, in particular Odesa and Mykolaiv regions, in the context of ensuring sustainable development and increasing the competitiveness of the hospitality industry. The methodology was based on a combination of analysis of official statistical data, macroeconomic indicators, and practical case studies of tourism enterprises' operations. As a result of the study, a number of quantitative indicators were obtained that reflect the dynamics of the hospitality sector in 2020-2024. Thus, the number of hotel visitors in Mykolaiv region decreased from 42.1 thousand people in 2020 to 15.4 thousand in 2022; however, in 2024 the indicator recovered to 28.7 thousand, indicating a gradual recovery of tourist flows. At the same time, the revenues of the hotel and restaurant sector in the region fell by more than 40% in 2020-2022, and tax revenues decreased from UAH 18.2 million in 2020 to UAH 7.6 million in 2022, with a subsequent partial recovery to UAH 12.4 million in 2024. A more stable dynamic was recorded for Odesa region: in 2023, hotels in the region served about 280 thousand tourists, and total revenues exceeded UAH 1.1 billion, showing a 15% increase compared to 2022. The average profitability level of hospitality enterprises in Odesa ranged from 12% to 14%, while in Mykolaiv it remained at 7% to 9%, reflecting regional asymmetry of development. The results obtained summarise the development trends of the hospitality industry and have practical significance for formulating recommendations to optimise the management of the tourism sector of the Southern region to ensure sustainable growth and preserve its cultural and environmental