https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/24993 Fri, 31 Jul 2026 15:45:06 GMT 2026-07-31T15:45:06Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26313 Назва: Influence of growing white mustard under the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine Автори: Кувшинова, Анна Олександрівна; Kuvshinova, Anna; Федорчук, Михайло Іванович; Fedorchuk, Mykhailo; Федорчук, Валентина Григорівна; Fedorchuk, Valentyna; Кутняк, В. Є.; Kutniak, Viacheslav Короткий огляд (реферат): This research assesses the impact of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) cultivation on soil characteristics and agroecosystem productivity in Ukraine's Southern Steppe. The study examined southern chernozems, evaluating the physical and chemical parameters of the soil prior to and following mustard planting. The results indicated that mustard cultivation markedly enhanced soil structure, evidenced by an increase in water-stable aggregates (56- 60% versus 42-45% in the control group). It also improved water infiltration rates (3.5-3.8 mm/min compared to 2.1-2.4 mm/min), moisture retention, and decreased bulk density (1.18- 1.22 g/cm³ compared to 1.28-1.33 g/cm³). Furthermore, the crop elevated humus content to 3.00-3.05% and yielded 3.5-4.0 t/ha of dry organic matter, hence enhancing the soil's nutritional composition. The chemical enhancements comprised elevated concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are vital for facilitating plant growth. Furthermore, white mustard demonstrated a decrease in wind and water erosion losses, hence improving soil resilience. The crop exhibited competitive benefits by decreasing weed infestation by 58-62%, hence fostering more sustainable agricultural practices in the region. The findings indicate that white mustard is a viable green manure crop for promoting soil fertility, reducing erosion, and bolstering agroecosystem resilience in semi-arid areas such as the Southern Steppe. Additional investigation is advised to examine its enduring effects across various agroecological regions. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26313 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26312 Назва: Study on performance of sunflower hybrids (Helianthus annuus) under the conditions of the Southern steppe of Ukraine Автори: Дробітько, Антоніна Вікторівна; Drobitko, Antonina; Дробітько, Олексій Миколайович; Drobitko, Oleksii; Смірнова, Ірина Вікторівна; Smirnova, Irina; Zhukovskyi, Serhii Короткий огляд (реферат): The research sought to identify the optimal sunflower hybrids for cultivation in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The study focused on climate stress adaptation, yield, oil content and disease resistance to select the best sunflower hybrids for agriculture in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The study found that hybrids with a shorter vegetation cycle, such as Lorys SLP (105-107 days), Averon SU (109-115 days), and Insan 222 KLP (109-115 days), were highly adaptable to autumn droughts, allowing them to finish the vegetation period before critical drought conditions, ensuring stable yields even with limited water supply. The hybrid Aluris KLP (105-107 days) had the best yield (4.6-5 t/ha) and oil content (52-54%), although its productivity depended on appropriate moisture during seed filling and ripening. The Aluris KLP hybrid had the highest oil content (52-54%) and oil output (2.29-2.59 t/ha), which increased the crop's economic efficiency. All hybrids are highly resistant to broomrape (races A-G), which helps manage critical diseases under regional settings. The Insan 222 KLP hybrid is promising for growing under strong disease pressure because to its great phomopsis resistance. © The Author(s). Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26312 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26311 Назва: Effect of mother corm (Crocus sativus L. Iridaceae) on the productivity of daughter saffron corm in the Northern Black Sea region of Ukraine Автори: Панфілова, Антоніна Вікторівна; Panfilova, Antonina; Миколайчук, Віра Георгіївна; Mikolajchuk, Vira; Корхова, Маргарита Михайлівна; Korhova, Margarita; Артюшенко, Валерій Васильович; Artushenko, Valerii Короткий огляд (реферат): The study aimed to determine the effect of mother corm size on the productivity and yield structure of daughter corms of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under a three-year cultivation system in the Southern Steppe zone of Ukraine (Mykolaiv region). A field experiment was established in August 2019 using three size fractions of corms: large (25.46 ± 1.82 mm), medium (18.5 ± 0.96 mm), and small (7.40 ± 0.21 mm), and harvesting with morphometric analysis was conducted in June 2022. The results showed that the size of the initial planting material had a decisive influence on productivity. However, yield structure differed significantly among treatments: the proportion of large, potentially flowering daughter corms was highest with small mother corms (49.1% by mass) and lowest with large mother corms (18.3%). Thus, large planting material is recommended to maximize total corm yield, whereas the inclusion of small mother corms is advisable when the goal is to obtain a higher proportion of flowering corms, which is important for both saffron planting material producers and flower-oriented farms. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/26311 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/25115 Назва: Resource-efficient technologies for cultivation of oilseeds, cereals and legumes in conditions of climate change and increase of agricultural production Автори: Маркова, Наталія Валентинівна; Markova, Nataliya; Артюшенко, Валерій Васильович; Artushenko, Valerii; Миколайчук, Віра Георгіївна; Mikolajchuk, Vira; Хоненко, Любов Григорівна; Honenko, Lubov Короткий огляд (реферат): Sustainable soil management is a key factor in ensuring stable crop production under modern agricultural challenges. This study assessed the impact of primary tillage systems on the growth, productivity and quality of oilseed, cereal and legume crops under the conditions of climate change and intensified agricultural production. A three-year field experiment (2021 ÷ 2024) was conducted using a two-factor design with three replications, comparing four tillage systems – traditional, minimum, Strip-Till and No-till – across six crops. The study also evaluated the potential of these systems to reduce energy inputs and conserve soil moisture under variable climatic conditions. Results and conclusions. Strip-Till and Minimum tillage created more favorable moisture and aera-tion conditions in the arable layer, enhancing vegetative growth and yield formation. Strip-Till increased plant height, leaf area and yield in winter wheat (5.82 t/ha) and winter rapeseed (3.46 t/ha). No-till proved to be the most effective for sunflower, maximizing leaf area and seed weight under arid conditions. Legumes responded best to Minimum tillage, with higher thousand-seed weight and yields in peas and chick-peas. Grain sorghum showed stable performance across all systems. Strip-Till and No-till also improved grain and oil quality. These technologies reduce fuel consumption and conserve soil moisture, ensuring stable productivity with lower energy inputs. Overall, adaptive tillage systems improve crop productivity and quality; Strip-Till is optimal for winter crops, No-till for sunflower, and Minimum tillage for legumes. Explanatory notes: data are presented as mean values ± standard deviation; the significance of differences was assessed using the LSD criterion at p ≤ 0.05. Source: compiled by the authors. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.mnau.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/25115 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z