Technical solutions to reduce losses in magnetic cores and material consumption of three-phase transformer and reactor equipment

Abstract

The increase in energy costs and the need for further energy saving lead to an increase in requirements for reducing losses in the magnetic cores of transformers and reactors. Problem. The improvement of transformer and reactor equipment is traditionally carried out by applying the achievements of electrical materials science and new technologies to traditional designs and structures of electromagnetic systems. The basis of modern transformers is made up of laminated and twisted magnetic cores. The disadvantage of laminated magnetic cores is large additional losses in corner zones due to the texture of anisotropic steel. Disadvantage of twisted three-phase three-contour magnetic cores is large additional losses caused by the lack of magnetic coupling of three separate magnetic flux con-tours. The disadvantages of combined joint tape-plate magnetic cores are the unsatisfactory use of the active volume and in-creased losses, which are determined by the uneven distribution of the magnetic field and the negative impact of steel texture in the corner zones of the twisted parts. Aim. To determine the possibility of improving three-phase transformers and reactors. Methodology. The improvement is achieved by geometrical and structural transformations of the outer contours and elements of the varieties of magnetic cores. Results. The possibility of eliminating additional losses of a planar laminated magnetic core by a combination of anisotropic and isotropic steels at the appropriate location in the yoke-rod and corner sections is deter-mined. With an octagonal outer contour of the combined magnetic core, a reduction in mass is achieved without an increase in losses. The mutually orthogonal position of the steel layers or the elements of the joint twisted and combined three-phase planar and spatial magnetic cores achieves magnetic coupling and elimination of additional losses of individual twisted contour sections. The hexagonal configurations of the inner contours of the twisted yoke-corner parts and the cross-sections of the laminated rods of the variants of the axial spatial joint magnetic core improve the magnetic flux density distribution and reduce the main losses of the yokes, as well as reduce the complexity of manufacturing rods from identical rectangular steel layers. Originality. The paper presents constructive and technological proposals and features of varieties of non-traditional planar and spatial, laminated, twisted and combined tape-plate joint magnetic cores, which differ in the combination of anisotropic, isotropic and amorphous steels, as well as the multifaceted geometric shape of contours and the spatial arrangement of elements. Based on the identity of the optimal geometric ratios of the variants of electromagnetic systems of transformers and reactors, with joint planar and spatial twisted and combined and tape-plate magnetic cores, the unification of the structure of transformer and reactor equipment with a capacity of I-III dimensions.

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Розглянуто стан розвитку трансформаторобудування. Визначена недостатня ефективність застосування відомих способів зниження втрат у магнітопроводах для задоволення нових вимог енергоресурсозбереження. Показана можливість удосконалення і уніфікації трифазних трансформаторів та реакторів на основі комбінацій анізотропної, ізотропної і аморфної сталей, багатогранних геометричних конфігурацій контурів та зміни положень в просторі шарів сталі, а також елементів планарних і просторових шихтованих, витих та комбінованих навито-пластинчастих магнітопроводів.