Maize as a source of starch and bioethanol: conditions and cultivation elements

Abstract

In the context of a shortage of energy carriers and rising prices for them in Ukraine, a significant share of which Ukraine imports, one of the reserves of the country's energy independence is the search for reserves for the production of alternative types of energy. One of these types of energy, provided that the yield increases, is the production of bioethanol from corn grain. The potential opportunities of this direction are huge: only due to the processing of 10 million tons. Ukraine can produce at least 4 million tons of corn. tons of this biofuel. Over the past half – century, the acreage under corn has increased 1.6 times, the yield increased 3 times, and the gross grain harvest increased 4.8 times [1-3]. Growing corn along with food and feed, at the moment, is associated with a new direction of use the processing into bioethanol. As corn grain has a high starch content (60-85%). The starch contained in the grain is first decomposed to sugar, then this sugar is converted to alcohol during fermentation, after which the solution is purified and evaporated [4]