Ecological Assessment Of Spring Oilseed Crops And Prospects For The Production Of Superior Quality Oils In Ukraine

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the issue of growing spring oilseeds in Ukraine and the production of high-quality oils. It was given the comparative ecological assessment of sunflower, Camelina (Camelina sativa), linseed flax and other crops of their placement in crop rotations, it was highlighted the importance of quality oils and the possibility of their improvement. It was proved that instead of the usual commercial cultivation of sunflower, it was advisable to occupy most of the areas with high-oleic type hybrids, and other oilseeds as well as alternative to sunflower, which provided high profitability of production. It was determined that the sunflower hybrids and varieties of linseed flax and Camelina (cultivar of the Steppe 1) reacted positively with increasing of seed yield on nutrition optimization through the application of modern biological products. Thus, the yield of flax varieties on average for two years in all studied preparations increased by 0.27 t/ha (26.2%), and the most optimal variant did by 0.34 t/ha and 33.0 %. Respectively, the yield of sunflower hybrids increased by 0.48 t/ha (29.8%) and the most optimal variant did 0.70 t/ha; 43.5 %. Similarly, and the yield of Camelina even more significantly increased on average for three years of cultivation. It was considered prospects of production of oilseeds and improved quality oils. It was shown that the expansion of the range of oils due to soya bean oil, Camelina seed oil and linseed oil promote a healthy lifestyle.