Вдосконалення інструментарію механізму активізації трансферу технологій у формі лізингу

Abstract

Розглянуто інструментарій організаційно-економічного забезпечення трансферу технологій у формі лізингу з позиції розробки напрямів вдосконалення методичних підходів щодо активізації трансферу технологій. Проведено аналіз рівня інноваційного розвитку країн. Згідно зі статистичними даними, пандемія, зупинивши економічне зростання більшості країн світу, зробила негативну дію на інноваційний розвиток у цілому. Істотно знизилися витрати на НДДКР, скоротилися обсяги венчурного капіталу, менше активності було у сфері патентування і використання об’єктів інтелектуальної власності, скоротився трансфер технологій у різних їх формах.

На методологічному рівні встановлено, що в нашій державі формується інноваційна інфраструктура, де основними суб’єктами виступають учасники інноваційного процесу, а як основна форма передачі технологій використовується торгівля ліцензіями й лізинг.

Розроблено економіко-математичні моделі функцій планування, обліку і контролю, а також динамічна модель їх реалізації, що є підґрунтям моделей стратегічного та оперативного планування використання ресурсів, а також аналізу ефективності їх використання для здійснення трансферу технологій.

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Introduction. Modern directions of development of world economy stipulated new scientifically - technological paradigm within the framework of that formed productive - economic systems that are base on innovations. Development of home priority industries of economy must come true by a way them technological retooling due to introduction of innovative developments at all stages of productive process. In this connection perfection of methodical approaches becomes actual in relation to the processes of activation of transfer of technologies in form leasing that will allow to choose different scenarios scientifically - technological development of economy of the state. Purpose. The aim of this scientific research is perfection of tool of mechanism of activation of transfer in form leasing sent to development of priority industries of economy. Results. The diversity of different types of transferred technologies, areas of development of commercial and noncommercial forms and methods of technology transfer has been studied, which made it possible to systematize the approaches existing in international practice to the analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of technology transfer. The ranking of the countries of the world by the level of innovative development have been analyzed according to the estimates of the World Intellectual Property Organization. According to statistics presented in the Report of the World Intellectual Property Organization, the pandemic, having stopped the economic growth of most countries of the world, had a negative impact on innovative development in general. The costs of research and development have significantly decreased, the amount of venture capital has decreased, there was less activity in the field of patenting and the use of intellectual property and the transfer of technologies in their various forms have decreased. The toolkit of organizational and economic support for technology transfer in the form of leasing has been considered from the perspective of developing directions for improving methodological approaches to activate technology transfer. It has been proven that the purchase of new technologies abroad is the main way to modernize the domestic industry and is associated with the convenience of acquiring technologies and equipment that have shown their effectiveness in other markets. At the methodological level, it has been established that an innovative infrastructure is being formed in our country, where participants in the innovation process act as the main subjects, and trade in licenses and leasing is used as the main form of technology transfer. The article systematizes methods for assessing the effectiveness of technology transfer models in the form of leasing. Conclusions. The developed economic and mathematical models of the planning, accounting and control functions, as well as the dynamic model of their implementation, form the basis of the models of strategic and operational planning of the use of resources, as well as the analysis of the effectiveness of their use for the implementation of technology transfer. Theoretical and methodological approaches to information and analytical support of the assessing process of the effectiveness of technology transfer in the form of leasing have been further developed.