Influence of nutrition background on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the conditions of southern steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies conducted in 2017-2019 years on the southern chernozem in the southern Steppe of Ukraine, the studies found that the optimization of nutrition increased the field germination of safflower seeds compared to the control by 1.3-6.2%, due to the maximum indicators for the background of application of N60P60 and N60P60 + "Organic D-2M" (90.2-91.4%). For optimizing the nutrition much more intense it was the growth of vegetative mass, leaf area, larger formed mass of 1000 seeds, while the seed increases the accumulation of protein and fat. It was found that for cultivation of crops without optimized nutrition, it formed yields in the range of 1.0-1.1 t / ha. With the application of mineral fertilizers in half and full doses, the yield increase was 0.23-0.55 t / ha. Additional treatment of seeds and planting with organic fertilizer "Organic D-2M" on these fertilizer backgrounds provides yields at the levels of 1.55-1.63 t / ha. The maximum yield (1.63 t/ha) was formed due to seed treatment and foliar fertilization with "Organic D-2M" organic fertilizer on the background of application before sowing N60P60, its level was slightly lower when using only N60P60 – 1.53 t/ha. The conducted studies showed the economic feasibility of using seed treatment and sowing of safflower plants with "Organic D-2M" – organic fertilizer in the rosette phase on the background of applying full N60P60 mineral fertilizer