Theoretical and praxeological approaches to monitoring the state of financial security of Ukraine

Abstract

In today's conditions of globalization and constant changes in the financial market, the issue of preserving financial security is becoming extremely important for every country. Financial security not only determines the stability of the national economy, but is also the basis of the well-being of citizens and the ability of the state to perform its social and economic functions. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive substantiation of the theoretical and methodological foundations and practical methods of monitoring the state of financial security of Ukraine in conditions of economic turbulence as a factor ensuring the preservation of the state's financial system. Taking into account the fact that the methodical approach to calculating the level of economic security of Ukraine does not involve a regional assessment, a methodical approach to monitoring the security state of the financial stability of the regions has been developed. The given methodological approach includes the following sequence of actions: division of the component "financial security of the region" into subcomponents; creation of a list of indicators for each financial security subsystem of the region; normalization of these indicators within the subsystem, determination of their importance for each separate subsystem of financial security of the region; generalization of indicators into complex indicators for assessing the state of financial security of the region in the context of various subsystems; ranking of regions according to the obtained values; calculation of the integral indicator of the state of financial security for individual regions and research periods, as well as grouping of regions based on the obtained results; comparing the state of financial security of regions based on the calculated values of the integral indicator of the state of financial security and highlighting specific aspects that are specific to each region. A list of 22 indicators of the state of financial security of regions has been created, which meets the following criteria: it is scientifically based, characterized by the availability of statistical data and suitability for mathematical and other types of analysis, highlighting the change of a phenomenon or process over time, unambiguous interpretation. It is proved that the selected indicators of the state of financial security of the regions are not in a strong relationship, and are also interconnected with the state of financial security of the state, which generally confirms the proposed hypothesis that the formed matrix of data of the identified indicators can characterize the state of financial security of the region, testify to specific problems and special opportunities in the region, and, accordingly, to be used as input information in the process of calculating the integral indicator of the financial security of the region. On the basis of the proposed methodology for assessing the state of financial security of regions, integral indicators of the state of financial security of regions of Ukraine were calculated, which are actually the result of collapsing indicators by subsystems into a system index for a certain region, high values of which characterize a relatively stable value of financial security of a certain region, and low values signal its dangerous or critical condition. The regions of Ukraine were clustered according to the ranges of the financial security of the regions, according to the results of which the regions were divided into 4 groups: with a critical state of financial security of the region (0.000–0.381) (Luhansk, Donetsk regions), a dangerous state (0.382–0.499), a satisfactory state (0.500–0.618) and conditionally high (0.619–1.000) (Dnipro, Kyiv, Poltava regions).