Development and Research of an Automatic System for Regulating the Frequency of Rotation of a Diesel Engine Crankshaft

Abstract

The article is in an experimental model of an all-mode MR with PID regulation and electromechanical VM, providing a torque of 1.4 Nm at 36º of shaft rotation and without a gearbox. The minimum the ADCs of number and digital inputs of the microprocessor unit has been wired - at least 4 digital and 4 analog inputs.An algorithm has been developed for calculating the cyclic fuel supply with all-mode adjustment for a mathematical model of an electronic ARCH diesel engine with all-mode adjustment, taking into account the dynamic simulation of the CM, a sub-algorithm for regulating the fuel cyclic supply, maintaining the tilt angle of the regulatory branch and reproducing the influence of diesel vibrations. The adequacy of the mathematical model in statics and dynamics is confirmed.An experimental-computational research methodology has been developed to determine rational PID parameters, taking into account operating conditions autotractor diesel engine, confirmed by non-motorized and motorized studies on an engine diesel 4CHN12/14. The result of the study was a three-dimensional array of values of the proposed complex correction factor KΣ for PID MR components.In the process of research, an increase in diesel vibrations at crankshaft speeds n = 0.9...1.06 was established. With these values (n=0.9...1.06), an increase in the P share is necessary to ensure diesel stability. For a 4ChN12/14 diesel engine, the share of P must be increased by 2...2.5 times with a degree of regulator unevenness of 0...6%. After non-motorized tests, it is recommended to correct the PID components on a engine diesel in the ranges n = 0.5...0.9 and 0.9...1.06 relative speeds. The crankshaft by reducing the proposed complex correction factor KΣ from 5% to 2% each. The developed method for setting PID parameters is confirmed by the results of test roads.It is determined that the increase in fuel consumption with an increase in external vibrations is non-linear. With external vibrations of the HPFP rails with an amplitude of 1...3 mm, a decrease in the I-component leads to reduced consumption fuel. Based on the results of modeling transient processes, a fuel saving of 2.25% was obtained. The developed all-mode controller corresponds to the first class of ARCH accuracy.