Integration of control and measurement devices into CAD models of industrial power systems: Metrological aspects of accuracy and impact on energy efficiency

Abstract

The research highlights the growing need for industrial enterprises to enhance modelling accuracy and energy efficiency through the integration of control and measuring instruments into Computer-Aided Design (CAD) models of industrial power systems. The study explores the feasibility of using CAD systems to integrate these instruments, focusing on their metrological accuracy and impact on the reliability of digital models and energy management. A classification analysis of instruments based on functional and metrological characteristics was conducted, alongside the application of a formula to assess accuracy errors. The instruments were categorized as high-precision (δ≤1%), medium-precision (δ=1-5%), and low-precision (δ>5%). Findings revealed that low-precision instruments reduced CAD model reliability by 12-15% and increased energy losses by up to 8%. In contrast, high-precision instruments minimized deviations to 0.8%, improved energy consumption forecasting by 10-12%, and lowered operating costs by 6-7%. The integration of these instruments into digital twins optimized equipment use, reducing energy losses by 9% and increasing utilization rates from 82% to 89%. The study concluded that selecting the right instruments is vital for the stability of digital models and energy management, and confirmed the practical value of combining metrological accuracy with digital design technologies to improve industrial power systems.