Моніторинг і прогнозування інвестиційних процесів в АПК України

Abstract

Розглянуто особливості інвестиційного процесу в АПК України та вивчено основні показники залучення інвестицій в сільськогосподарське виробництво. Здійснено аналіз капітальних та іноземних інвестицій у вітчизняне сільське господарство. Виявлено та розкрито основні проблеми інвестиційного забезпечення підприємств АПК України та визначено перспективи його розвитку при умові відмови від мораторію на продаж сільгоспземель.

Рассмотрены особенности инвестиционного процесса в АПК Украины и изучены основные показатели привлечения инвестиций в сельскохозяйственное производство. Осуществлен анализ капитальных и иностранных инвестиций в отечественное сельское хозяйство. Выявлены и раскрыты основные проблемы инвестиционного обеспечения предприятий АПК Украины и определены перспективы его развития при условии отказа от моратория на продажу сельхозземель.

Introduction. At present, Ukraine's development depends on the agrarian-andindustrial sector as a sphere of priority to ensure the competitive ability of the national economy. The following growth of the agrarian-and-industrial complex demands accessible and considerable financing. The latest legislative changes created a great extent for investing climate in the country and a great probability of the moratorium cancellation to sell agricultural lands give grounds to observe and analyze the investment processes in Ukraine from another point of view. Purpose. The purpose is to analyze the tendencies of development and state of the investment processes in the agrarian-and-industrial complex of Ukraine from the scientific point of view and to determine the effectiveness of the investing activity in agriculture. The main task is discovering problems, analyzing the ways of insufficient investment of enterprises in the agrarian branch, seeking ways of increasing effectiveness of the investment processes in the agrarian sector. Results. The detailed analysis of the dynamics and structure of the capital and foreign investments into the agrarian-and-industrial complex of Ukraine has shown a positive trend of recovering investment activity in this sphere of economics. This testifies, first of all, the improvement of expectations of the already existing enterprises. In this way, the given research of the investment processes of the domestic agriculture confirms the fact that all three systematic, non-governmental sources of investment, growing and competitive ability (own profits of agrarian enterprises, bank credits and foreign investment) lose their positions today as source of developing the agrarian sector. In this situation, only the moratorium cancellation of selling agricultural lands will be able to solve the problem of insufficient investment into the agrarian-and-industrial complex of Ukraine with no cardinal changes in the social-and-economic structure of the country. Conclusions. To improve investment in the agrarian production, the legislation of the related branches should be changed from weakening the currency regulation to reforming the system of quality and safety of food products; a well thought-out and elaborated land reform being able to start the mechanism of setting prices of land and the system of their effective use should be implemented which will protect agrarians as well.

JEL Classification: Q01; Q14; Q15; E22