Використання показників інтенсивності росту чистопородних свиней великої білої породи та їх помісей із породами ландрас, дюрок та п’єтрен для порівняльного аналізу росту тварин

Abstract

В роботі було проаналізовано використання показників інтенсивності росту чистопородних свиней великої білої породи та їх помісей із породами ландрас, дюрок та п’єтрен для порівняльного аналізу росту тварин. Встановлено, що у віковий період 0-1-2 місяці вірогідне значення для порівняльної оцінки росту чистопородних та помісних тварин має індекс напруги росту, у віковий період 2-3-4 місяці – інтенсивність формування та індекс рівномірності росту, а у віковий період 4-5-6 місяців – лише індекс рівномірності росту.

Today, for manufacturers of marketable pork, the issue of obtaining high-quality pig products in a relatively short period of time under conditions of intensive production is topical. Regularities in the growth of pigs obtained from a combination of boars of different breeds with uteri of a large white breed have not been studied enough. An important role in increasing the productivity of pigs is played by the use of animals of foreign origin and between breed breeding. The local youngsters, unlike the purebreds, are characterized by high growth energy, precociousness and adaptive plasticity. It is the growth rate of pigs that determines the duration of livestock fattening, the number of products and ensures the profitability of the pig industry. The advantage of the growth rate of animals of the ♀ Duroc × ♂ Pietrain combination in industrial crossing has been established. The highest possible advantages over purebred large white breeds in terms of live weight and average daily gain were obtained for a group of descendants from mating of native sows of a combination of large white landrace with boars producing Pietrain breed. Four groups of animals were formed from 60 main sows of large white breed (15 animals per group): Group I - control (purebred large white breed), Group II - experimental (combination large white × Landras), Group III - experimental (combination large white × Duroc), Group IV -experienced (large white × Pietrain combination). From the sows obtained from the studied groups of young stock, four groups of animal analogues were formed by age and body weight of 100 animals each. For the studied groups, the age dynamics of live weight and growth intensity indicators were studied. The use of growth intensity indicators for purebred large white breeds and their hybrids with Landrace, Duroc and Pietrain breeds was analyzed for a comparative analysis of the growth of animals. Crossing large white breed sows with boars producing landrace, Duroc and Pietrain breeds provides a significant increase in live weight in local animals, and the highest live weight indicators are obtained by mixture of large white breeds and Pietrain. It has been established that in the age period of 0-1-2 months, the growth intensity index and the growth uniformity index have a significant value for the comparative assessment of the growth of purebred and crossbreed animals, in the age period of 2-3-4 months, 4-5-6 months - only the index of growth uniformity.