Електронна система публічних закупівель в Україні: особливості функціонування та перспективи розвитку

Abstract

У статті наведено основні аспекти функціонування електронної системи публічних закупівель в Україні, основні організаційні та технічні особливості вибору та роботи з електронними майданчиками. Згруповано причини припинення функціонування електронних майданчиків. Проведено порівняльний аналіз електронних систем закупівель України та Республіки Казахстан. На підставі вивчення досвіду України та інших країн визначено напрями удосконалення електронної системи публічних закупівель для України щодо її функціональних можливостей, зокрема й щодо формування офіційних реєстрів та офіційних звітів. Узагальнено єдині вимоги та напрями удосконалення безпосереднього функціонування електронних майданчиків публічних закупівель.

Information support of electronic procurement procedures occupies an important place in the system of contractual relations, ensuring competition at the stage of placing documentation, signing the contract, monitoring its implementation. On the one hand, a single information system is an integral part of the information space, based on the general principles of an open information society and legislation. On the other hand, the information component in the electronic platform management system is one of the blocks of analysis and obtaining optimal solutions, creating conditions for effective interaction of all participants in procurement. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to highlight the features of the electronic system of public procurement of Ukraine and outline the main organizational and technical areas of its improvement in the context of the studied experience of the functionality of the web portal of public procurement of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results. As a result of the research it has been established that the only web portal of public procurement of the Republic of Kazakhstan is wider than the electronic procurement system of Ukraine in terms of information saturation and functionality. As a result of studying the experience of foreign countries, it has been found that the share of functions of the electronic procurement system is identical and aimed at achieving the main goal of public procurement - to meet the needs of the country with quality products, works and services. It has been determined that it is expedient for Ukraine to form official registers of unscrupulous suppliers, contracts, complaints. The reasons for the termination of electronic platforms and uniform requirements for them have been grouped. The main directions of improving the functioning of electronic platforms have been identified. The latter is directly related to the state of comprehensive control over the implementation of public procurement at all stages. The proposed areas of improvement will contribute to some optimization of the research issue. Conclusions. Further optimization of the e-procurement system should help to improve the conditions for competition by increasing the level of legality, openness and impartiality of the contracting process; ensuring better value for money; reduction of corruption cases; improving the management system; conducting marketing research on the demand and supply of goods or services in the market for clear and effective procurement planning and creating a competitive environment in the market; improving the professionalism of personnel involved in public procurement.